Which of the following statements about SVC syndrome symptoms is true?

• A. It Is Defined by Chest Pain and Fever
• B. It Is Defined Only by Face/Neck Swelling
• C. It Is Defined Only by Distended Veins
• D. It Is Defined by Face/Neck Swelling, Upper Limb Swelling, and Distended Veins

Answer: (D)

Blocking the superior vena cava prevents blood from draining from the head, neck, and upper limbs, so the body shows congestion in those areas. The classic presentation includes swelling of the face and neck, swelling of the upper limbs, and distended veins in the chest and neck. This combination reflects the venous backup from obstruction. Chest pain and fever are not defining features of SVC syndrome and do not by themselves establish the diagnosis. Saying it’s defined only by face/neck swelling or only by distended veins lacks part of the key pattern.